Introduction to GNU/Linux

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1. History

2. Basic system layout

3. Working in the shell

4. Basic shell commands

5. Installing programs with APT

6. Installing packages from source

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[1]
Once you're out of X, you can just type Alt+(F1-F7)
[2]
Sometimes options can take arguments themselves (e.g. in 'tar -xvf archive.tar', archive.tar is an argument to the -f option)
[3]
The current working directory is associated with a process, in this case the Bash shell.
[4]
They are actually links.
[5]
"space" is also commonly used to scroll one page forward
[6]
This is usually done by default with the cron command.
[7]
You can also add your own .list files in the /etc/apt/sources.list.d directory.
[8]
On Ubuntu, there is also an 'update manager', which will remind you periodically if there are updates available for your packages. This makes it even more easy to upgrade your packages.
[9]
Alternatively, you can use Synaptic to install a downloaded package. In the menu, you will find: File -> Add downloaded packages.
[10]
If we issue a command in bash, we normally don't have to give the absolute or relative pathname to that command. Bash will automatically look for the command in the 'bin' directories on our system (see PATH variable). In this case we want to execute a script located in the current directory (not a bin directory). That's why we have to specify the full pathname: './configure'.